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The key to inactivation of amyloid-beta toxin by vaccination is to stimulate a strong antibody immune response that targets and inactivates or promotes the clearance of the toxin. The generation of such antibodies requires a T-cell response. Although beta amyloid contains epitopes that can stimulate such a T-cell response, these particular epitopes carry the risk of inducing harmful autoimmunity. In TradeMark Technology, the harmful human beta amyloid specific T-cell epitopes are replaced with a safe T-cell epitope, such as bacterial Tetanus Toxoid, against which most people have been vaccinated. Moreover, by using only short fragments of the amyloid-beta toxin too small to contain T-cell epitopes, the immune response is more specific than when larger pieces are used, ensuring that only the toxin, rather than the Amyloid Precursor Protein, is targeted by the antibody.



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