| OBSERVATION'S | In general, excess insulin causes problems because insulin affects many other processes. For example, it stimulates the uptake of amino acids and increases the permeability of cells to key ions, such as potassium. In muscle cells, it promotes storage of glucose as glycogen. It also induces the secretion of angiotensin II, a peptide hormone that constricts arteries and raises blood pressure, according to H. James Harwood Jr., a principal research investigator for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases at Pfizer. So when insulin levels go up, hypertension follows, he explains |
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