| OBSERVATION'S |
Koob George F.; Scripps Research Institute's neuropharma cologist, explained that abstinence from alc. by an alcoholic reduces levels of neurotransmitters responsible for feelings of pleasure & well-being, & that protracted abstinence on the part of an alcoholic increases the release of stress-related compds. Together these factors explain why alcoholics trying to quit are so vulnerable to relapse. In alcoholics, abstinence decreases levels of several pleasurable neurotransmitters: dopamine, which activates a neuronal reward circuit, gamma-amino butyric acid, a neurotransmitter that curbs dopamine production; opioid peptides, also called endorphins; & serotonin. "During acute withdrawal from alc., there's also a release in the amygdala of corticotropin releasing factor, a major element of the stress response". "The combination of the 'good guys' going down & the 'bad guys' going up" when an alcoholic abstains, he said, is a dramatic & powerful trigger for relapse. Koob noted that the neurotransmitters that are up- or down-regulated by alc., along with their brain receptors are targets that researchers will be focusing on as they seek new therapeutic approaches to fight alcoholism |
| UPDATE | 09.99 |
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