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| UPDATE | 01.01 |
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| PATENT NUMBER | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT GRANT DATE | 15.08.2000 |
| PATENT TITLE |
Water soluble dye complexing polymers |
| PATENT ABSTRACT |
This invention relates to dye complexing polymers, and, more particularly, to water soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaines) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. The polymers herein have effective dye transfer inhibitor (DTI) properties for use, for example, laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions. |
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| PATENT FILE DATE | April 7, 1999 |
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| PATENT CLAIMS |
What is claimed is: 1. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer, which is water soluble poly(4-vinylpyridine betaine) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt of the formula (I): ##STR4## where m defines a repeating unit; X is chloride or bromide; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen or alkyl; n is 1-5; and M is sodium or potassium; and copolymers thereof; which has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 1,000,000. 2. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 in which n is 1. 3. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 in which the polymer is a water soluble copolymer of the compound of formula (I) with a comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl imidazole, N-vinyl formamide and acrylamide. 4. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen and R.sub.2 is alkyl. 5. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, R.sub.2 is methyl and n is 1. 6. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 wherein m is 100 to 1000, and said molecular weight is 20,000 to 200,000. 7. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 which is poly(4-vinylpyridine) sodium carboxymethyl betaine chloride. 8. A dye transfer inhibitor polymer according to claim 1 which is poly(4-vinylpyridine) sodium 2-carboxy ethyl chloride. 9. An aqueous solution of the dye transfer inhibitor polymer of claim 1. 10. An aqueous solution according to claim 9 having solids content of about 20-50%. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| PATENT DESCRIPTION |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to dye complexing polymers, and, more particularly, to water soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaines) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. The polymers herein have effective dye transfer inhibitor (DTI) properties for use, for example, laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions. 2. Description of the Prior Art Dye complexing polymers have been used in laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions. In such application, during washing a mixture of colored and white fabrics, some of the dyes may bleed out of a colored fabric under washing conditions. The degree of bleeding is influenced by the structure of the dye, the type of cloth and the pH, temperature and mechanical efficiency of the agitation process. The bled dye in the wash liquor can be totally innocuous and get washed off in the wash liquor. However, in reality, this fugitive dye has a tendency to redeposit either onto the same fabric or onto another fabric leading to patches and an ugly appearance of the washed material. This redeposition of the bled dye can be inhibited in several ways. One method is to introduce a DTI compound which can complex with the fugitive dye and get washed off thus preventing redeposition. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), by virtue of its dye complexation ability, has been used to inhibit dye deposition during washing of colored fabrics under laundry conditions. The performance of PVP as a DTI, however, is adversely affected by the presence of anionic surfactants in the washing process. Other polymers which have been used as DTIs in laundry detergent compositions include polyvinylpyridine N-oxide (PVPNO); polyvinylimidazole (PVI) and copolymers of polyvinylpyridine and polyvinylimidazole (PVP-PVI). The prior art in this field is represented by the following patents and publications: ______________________________________ Patent Subject Matter ______________________________________ (1) JP 53-50732 Formulas Nos. 3, 6 and (1) are water insoluble compounds and polymers used in printing ink compositions; (2) PCT/US94/06849 Dye inhibiting composition polymers of WO 95/03390 PVP, polyamine N-oxide, vinylimidazole are used in laundry detergent compositions; (3) USP 5,460,752 Polyamine N-oxide polymers described for use in laundry detergent compositions; (4) EPA 664335 A1 Polysulfoxide polymers; (5) PCT/U593/10542 Laundry compositions include polyamine- WO 94/11473 N-oxide and brighteners and surfactants; (6) PCT/EP93/02851 PVP and PVI are present in laundry WO 94/10281 compositions; (7) PCT/US94/11509 Poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide) PVPNO WO 95/13354 and copolymers of VP and VI are described; (8) EP 754748 A1 Vinylpyridine copolymers and formic acid; (9) EP 0664332A1 Polyamine oxide polymers; (10) USP 5,604,197 PVPNO + clay softening; (11) USP 5,458,809 PVPNO (12) USP 5,466,802 PVPNO and PVP-VI; (13) USP 5,627,151 Copolymers of VP or VI; vinylpyridine or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate or dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, including up to 20% vinylacetate; (14) PCT/US95/04019 PVPNO, PVP, PVP-PI and copolymers of WO 95/27038 VP and VI; (15) EPA 628624 A1 PVPNO with protease; (16) DE 4224762 A1 VP polymers; (17) J. Polymer Water-insoluble poly(4-vinylpyridine) Sci. 26, compounds and polymers No. 113, p. 25-254 (1957) ______________________________________ Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide new and improved water soluble dye complexing polymers. Another object herein is to provide water soluble dye transfer inhibitor (DTI) polymers which are effective in laundry detergent compositions containing an anionic surfactant. A feature of the invention is the provision of a water soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaine) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. Another feature of the invention is the provision of laundry detergent compositions containing such new and improved water soluble polymers, which exhibit particularly effective dye transfer inhibition properties during the washing process even in the presence of anionic surfactants. Among the other objects and features of the invention is to provide such polymers having dye complexing properties useful in fabric softener and textile dye treatment compositions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A water soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaine) polymer contains a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. The polymer has the formula: ##STR1## where m is indicative of the degree of polymerization; X is an anion; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; n is 1-5; and M is a cation. Preferred embodiments of the invention are polymers in which X is a halide; most preferably chloride or bromide; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are both hydrogen; n is 1; M is an alkali metal; preferably sodium or potassium; and the polymer is 25-100% quaternized; most preferably 75-100%. A preferred polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 1,000,000; preferably 20,000 to 200,000, where m is about 30-5000, preferably 100-1000. Water soluble copolymers of the defined polymer above with polymerizable monomers, such as vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole, acrylamide and vinyl caprolactam also are useful herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the invention, there is described herein a water soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaine) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. This polymer has dye complexing properties, particularly dye transfer inhibitor properties, for use in laundry applications, having the formula: ##STR2## where m is indicative of the degree of polymerization; X is an anion; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; n is 1-5; and M is a cation. Preferred embodiments of the invention are polymers in which X is a halide; most preferably chloride or bromide; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are both hydrogen; n is 1; M is an alkali metal; preferably sodium or potassium; and the polymer is 25-100% quaternized; most preferably 75-100%. A preferred polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 1,000,000; preferably 20,000 to 200,000, where m is about 30-5000, preferably 100-1000. Water soluble copolymers of the defined polymer above with polymerizable monomers, such as vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl imidazole, n-vinyl formamide, and acrylamide also are useful herein. A preferred use of the polymer and copolymers herein are laundry detergent compositions including about 2-1000 ppm of the polymer or copolymer. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the water soluble polymers of the invention are made by polymerizing a vinylpyridine under suitable polymerization conditions to form a poly(vinylpyridine) intermediate, and then reacting the intermediate polymer with sodium chloroacetate in an aqueous medium. The reaction product is a poly(vinylpyridine betaine) polymer containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. In the polymerization step, which may be solution, precipitation or emulsion polymerization, any suitable solvent may be used, for example, an alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; water; or mixtures of water and alcohol. The reaction temperature is about 40.degree. to 150.degree. C., preferably 50.degree. to 90.degree. C., and most preferably about 60.degree. to 85C. The polymerization initiator is a free radical initiator, such as perester, peroxide, percarbonate, or Vazo.RTM. type initiators may be used. The polymerization is carried out at a solids level of about 5 to 80%, preferably 20 to 50%. A preferred polymer* made herein is poly(4-vinylpyridine) sodium carboxymethyl betaine chloride having the formula: ##STR3## The invention will now be illustrated by the following examples, in which: |
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