| PATENT ASSIGNEE'S COUNTRY | Japan. |
| UPDATE | 05.00 |
| PATENT NUMBER | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT GRANT DATE | 16.05.00 |
| PATENT TITLE |
Water-soluble tetrazolium salt compounds |
| PATENT ABSTRACT |
Tetrazolium salt compounds represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group or a halogen atom, preferably nitro group; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, preferably methyl group or methoxy group; and M represents an alkali metal or an ammonium. The compounds are useful for quantitative measurement of a dehydrogenase, and characterized to have high water-solubility and excellent storage stability in the state of an aqueous solution. |
| PATENT INVENTORS | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT ASSIGNEE | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT FILE DATE | 08.12.98 |
| PATENT CT FILE DATE | 17.04.97 |
| PATENT CT NUMBER | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT CT PUB NUMBER | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT CT PUB DATE | 23.10.97 |
| PATENT FOREIGN APPLICATION PRIORITY DATA | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT REFERENCES CITED |
English Language Abstract of JP No. 7-70092. (1995). English Language Abstract of JP No. 56-61366. (1981). English Language Abstract of JP No. 56-61367. (1981). Ishiyama et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1118-1122, 1993, "A New Sulfonated Tetrazolium Salt That Produces a Highly Water-Soluble Formazan Dye". Ishiyama et al., Talanta 44 (1997) 1299-1305. English Language translation of JP 7-70092. (1995). |
| PATENT PARENT CASE TEXT | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT CLAIMS |
What is claimed is: 1. tetrazolium salt compound represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR9## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, and M represents an alkali metal or an ammonium. 2. The tetrazolium salt compound according to claim 1 wherein both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are nitro groups; and R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group or a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group. 3. The tetrazolium salt compound according to claim 1 wherein both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are nitro groups; R.sup.3 is methyl group or methoxy group; and M is sodium. 4. A reagent for the measurement of a dehydrogenase which comprises a compound according to claim 1. 5. The reagent according to claim 4 which is used for a measuring process utilizing reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as an intermediate electron transporter. 6. A formazan compound represented by the following general formula (6): ##STR10## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group, or a halogen atom; and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group. 7. A method for the measurement of a dehydrogenase wherein a compound according to claim 1 is used as a hydrogen acceptor. 8. The method according to claim 7 which comprises the step of measuring the absorbance of a formazan compound according to claim 6. 9. The method according to claim 7 wherein reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is used as an intermediate electronic transporter. 10. A reagent for the measurement of a dehydrogenase which comprises a compound according to claim 2. 11. A reagent for the measurement of a dehydrogenase which comprises a compound according to claim 3. 12. A method for the measurement of a dehydrogenase wherein a compound according to claim 2 is used as a hydrogen acceptor. 13. A method for the measurement of a dehydrogenase wherein a compound according to claim 3 is used as a hydrogen acceptor. 14. The method according to claim 8 wherein reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is used as an intermediate electronic transporter. |
| PATENT DESCRIPTION |
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to novel water-soluble tetrazolium salt compounds. More specifically, the present invention relates to water-soluble tetrazolium salt compounds which can be suitably used for, for example, quantitative measurement of dehydrogenases and other, and to methods for measurement by using the compounds. BACKGROUND ART Quantitative measurement of various dehydrogenases, such as lactate dehydrogenase (abbreviated occasionally as "LDH" hereinafter in the specification), alcohol dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase, have conventionally been conducted by using tetrazolium salt compounds. A property of the tetrazolium salt compound is its ability to receive a hydrogen released by the action of a dehydrogenase, among variety types as mentioned above, via an intermediate electron transporter such as reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (abbreviated occasionally as "NADH" hereinafter in the specification) to give a corresponding formazan compound. Accordingly, dehydrogenases can be quantitatively determined by measuring the absorbance of the resulting formazan compound. Among these dehydrogenases, lactate dehydrogenase distributes all over somatic cells, and in particular, abundantly exists in myocardia, livers, skeletal muscles, and kidneys. It is known that serum LDH activity markedly increases in patients suffered from diseases such as myocardial infarct, malignant tumor, hepatic failure, progressive muscular atrophy, intravascular hemolysis, and megaloblastic anemia. Accordingly, by measuring serum LDH activity, highly useful clinical information for diagnosis can be obtained. In recent years, in order to detect trace substances in blood, e.g., uric acid and bile acid, with high sensitivity, it has been desired to develop a method for measuring a dehydrogenase which is less susceptible to biogenous substances. For this purpose, 3,3'-[3,3'-dimethoxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diyl]-bis[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-ph enyl]-2H-tetrazolium chloride (abbreviated occasionally as "nitro-TB" hereinafter in the specification) and other have generally been used as hydrogen acceptors. However, the formazan compound formed by nitro-TB after the acceptance of a hydrogen has low water solubility, which causes a practical problem. In particular, in automatic analysis, the resulting formazan compound precipitates inside a measuring system including tubes and cells, and may add positive errors on measured values. In order to solve the problem, it has been desired to develop a method utilizing a tetrazolium salt which produces a water-soluble formazan compound. As water-soluble tetrazolium salt compounds which form formazan compounds having sufficient solubility, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No.(Hei)7-70092/1995 discloses compounds of the following general formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom or nitro group, and M represents an alkali metal or an ammonium. Since these compounds produce formazan compounds having extremely high detection sensitivity, measurement with higher sensitivity can be achieved by using these compound compared to the conventionally used nitro-TB. In addition, because of the water-solubility of the formazan compounds, they are free from adhesion to a measuring apparatus, and accordingly, useful for clinical diagnostics. In particular, the compounds of the above general formula wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are nitro groups have a feature of efficient reactivity with NADH to give a formazan compound exhibiting extremely high absorbance. However, researches by the inventors of the present invention revealed that these compounds have a problem of low storage stability when stored in the state of an aqueous solution. Because aqueous solutions are often stored, after their preparation, for a long period of time such as for 3 to 6 months in usual clinical analyses, it is desired that tetrazolium compounds used as hydrogen acceptors have high storage stability in the state of an aqueous solution. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inventors of the present invention conducted various studies to provide compounds which have high storage stability as an aqueous solution, and in addition, maintains the characteristic excellent detection sensitivity of the compounds of the general formula (2). As a result, they found that the compounds of the general formula (1) set out below have the desired features. The present invention was achieved on the basis of these findings. The present invention thus provides tetrazolium salt compounds represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, and M represents an alkali metal or an ammonium. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, there are provided the aforementioned tetrazolium salt compounds wherein both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are nitro groups, and R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group or a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group, and the aforementioned tetrazolium salt compounds wherein both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are nitro groups, R.sup.3 is methyl group or methoxy group, and M is sodium. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reagent for the measurement of a dehydrogenase which comprises the aforementioned tetrazolium salt compound. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided the aforementioned reagent which is used for a measurement utilizing reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as an intermediate electron transporter. According to further aspect of the present invention, there are provided formazan compounds represented by the following general formula (6): ##STR4## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group or a halogen atom, and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group. According to still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for the measurement of a dehydrogenase wherein the compound of the above general formula (1) is used as a hydrogen acceptor. According to preferred embodiments of the aforementioned methods, there are provided the method which comprises the step of measuring the absorbance of the formazan compound represented by the above general formula (6); and the method wherein reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is used as an intermediate electronic transporter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 depicts the changes of absorbance of the compound of the present invention (Compound a) represented by .smallcircle. and a compound disclosed in Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No.(Hei) 7-70092/1995 (Compound b) represented by .quadrature. when stored at 4.degree. C. FIG. 2 depicts calibration curves of NADH obtained by absorption spectrum measurements. In the figure, .smallcircle. represents results obtained by using the compound of the present invention (Compound a), and .quadrature. represents results obtained by using the compound disclosed in Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No.(Hei) 7-70092/1995 (Compound b). FIG. 3 depicts calibration curves of NADH obtained by absorption spectrum measurements. In the figure, .smallcircle. represents results obtained by using the compound of the present invention (Compound a), and .quadrature. represents results obtained by using nitro-TB. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the above general formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group or a halogen atom. As the halogen atom, any of fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, and iodine atom can be used. It is preferred that both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 nitro groups. As the alkyl group represented by R.sup.3, for example, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group can be used. More specifically, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group and other can be used. As the alkoxy group represented by R.sup.3, for example, a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group can be used. More specifically, methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, sec-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group and other can be used. R.sup.3 may preferably be a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group or a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group, and more preferably methyl group or methoxy group. As the alkali metal represented by M, for example, sodium, potassium and other can be used, and sodium is preferred. The compounds of the present invention represented by the general formula (1) can be prepared by a conventional method. For example, a hydrazine compound represented by the following general formula (3): ##STR5## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen atom. nitro group, cyano group carboxyl group or a halogen atom can be reacted with an aldehyde compound represented by the general formula (4): ##STR6## in an alcoholic solution to obtain a hydrazone compound represented by the general formula (5): ##STR7## and then the resulting compound can be reacted with a corresponding diazonium salt in an organic solvent or water under basic condition to obtain a formazan compound represented by the general formula (6). ##STR8## In the above general formula (6), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen atom, nitro group, cyano group, carboxyl group, or a halogen atom, and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, and they may preferably be the substituents specifically explained as to R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 of the above general formula (1). In the reactions mentioned above, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or other may be used as a basifying agent. Then, the resulting formazan compound of the general formula (6) can be oxidized by using an oxidizing agent such as butyl nitrite in an alcoholic solvent to obtain the tetrazolium salt compound of the general formula (1). The compounds of the present invention have a characteristic feature that they receive a hydrogen produced by the action of a dehydrogenase via NADH or other, and they, per se, are reduced to form the formazan compounds represented by the above general formula (6). Accordingly, the concentration of a dehydrogenase such as lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase can be quantitatively measured by using the compounds of the present invention as hydrogen acceptors. They can also be used for quantitative measurement of reducing substances such as NADH as described in the following examples. In general, the absorbance of the formazan compound of the general formula (6) formed in a reaction system may be measured to perform the quantitative measurement of these substances, or alternatively, the measurement can also be performed by means of fluorescent measurement or other spectrometric means. Methods for the measurement of a dehydrogenase utilizing an intermediate electronic transporter such as NADH are well known in the art, per se, and reaction conditions, measurement means and other can be appropriately chosen by one of ordinary skill in the art. |
| PATENT EXAMPLES | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT PHOTOCOPY | Available on request |
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