| PATENT ASSIGNEE'S COUNTRY | Germany |
| UPDATE | 07.00 |
| PATENT NUMBER | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT GRANT DATE | 18.07.00 |
| PATENT TITLE |
Mixture of water-soluble fiber-reactive azo dyes, preparation thereof and use thereof |
| PATENT ABSTRACT |
Described are mixtures of dyes of the general formulae (1) and (2) ##STR1## where M is hydrogen, ammonium, an alkali metal or the equivalent of an alkaline earth metal, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or sulfo, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or sulfo, X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each fluorine, chlorine, amino, which may be mono- or disubstituted by lower alkyl or optionally substituted aryl and one of the radicals possesses a group of the formula --SO.sup.2 --Y.sup.1 or --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.2, where Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are each vinyl or ethyl substituted in the .beta.-position by an alkali-eliminable grouping, or X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each optionally substituted morpholino or pyrimidino, cyanoamino, hydroxyl, lower alkoxy or optionally substituted aryloxy and where the groups --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.1 and --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.2 are attached to the benzene nucleus meta or para to the azo or amino group. The novel dye mixtures are used for dyeing hydroxyl- and/or carboxamido-containing material, preferably fiber material, such as cellulose fiber materials, wool and synthetic polyamide fibers. |
| PATENT INVENTORS | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT ASSIGNEE | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT FILE DATE | 12.05.99 |
| PATENT FOREIGN APPLICATION PRIORITY DATA | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT REFERENCES CITED | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT CLAIMS |
What is claimed is: 1. A dye mixture comprising one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula ( 1) and one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (2) ##STR8## where: M is hydrogen, ammonium, an alkali metal or the equivalent of an alkaline earth metal; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or sulfo; R.sup.2 has one of the meanings of R.sup.1 ; X.sup.1 is fluorine or chlorine or a group of the general formula --N.sup.3 R.sup.4 or --OR.sup.3, where R.sup.3 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or aryl, which is optionally substituted, and R.sup.4 has one of the meanings of R.sup.3 or is a Y.sup.1 --SO.sub.2 -- or Y.sup.2 --SO.sub.2 -bearing aryl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group, or --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 is optionally substituted morpholino or pyrimidino or --NHCN; X.sup.2 has one of the meanings of X.sup.1 ; Y.sup.1 is vinyl or is a group of the general formula --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Z, where Z is a substituent which is optionally eliminated by the action of alkali; Y.sup.2 has one of the meanings of Y.sup.1 ; the groups --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.1 and --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.2 - are disposed meta or para to the azo group or amino group. 2. The dye mixture of claim 1, comprising one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (1) and one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (2) in a mixing ratio of 90:10% by weight to 10:90% by weight. 3. The dye mixture of claim 1, comprising one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (1) and one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (2) in a mixing ratio of 70:30% by weight to 30:70% by weight. 4. The dye mixture of claim 1, comprising one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (1) and one or more azo dyes conforming to the general formula (2) in a mixing ratio of 55:45% by weight to 45:55% by weight. 5. A process for dyeing or printing hydroxyl- and/or carboxamido-containing material which comprises dissolving the dye mixture as claimed in claim 1 and applying said dissolved dye mixture to the material and the dyes are fixed on the material by means of (1) heat, (2) with the aid of an alkaline agent or (3) heat and with the aid of an alkaline agent. 6. A process according to claim 5, wherein the material to be dyed is a fiber material. 7. The dye mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, M is hydrogen, Li or Na, X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each chlorine or fluorine and Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Z where Z is sulfato. 8. The dye mixture as claimed in claim 4, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, M is hydrogen, Li or Na, X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each chlorine or fluorine and Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are 'CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Z where Z is sulfato. 9. The dye mixture as claimed in claim 7, wherein X.sup.1 is chlorine. 10. The dye mixture as claimed in claim 7, wherein X.sup.1 is fluorine. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| PATENT DESCRIPTION |
DESCRIPTION This invention relates to the technical field of fiber-reactive azo dyes. U.S. Pat. No. 4,485,041, European Patent Application Publication No. 0,094,055 and German Offenlegungsschrift No. 4,417,719 disclose dyes which conform to the hereinbelow indicated and defined general formulae (1) and (2). They have certain application defects, for example insufficient washfastness, an excessive dependence of the color yield on changing dyeing parameters in the dyeing process, an insufficient solubility in the aqueous dyebath at higher dye concentrations in the presence of electrolyte salts or an insufficient color build-up on cotton and especially viscose (good color build-up follows from the ability of a dye to produce a correspondingly stronger dyeing from an increased dye concentration in the dyebath). Possible consequences of these deficiencies are poor reproducibilities for the dyeings which are obtainable. However, it is particularly important to obtain dyeings having a good color yield, i.e., dyeings whose depth of shade is very high in relation to the amount of dye used, for example in comparison with other dyes, because of the coloring property of the dye itself (high absorbance) and because of the dyeing characteristics of this dye, such as good affinity and a high yield of fixation. If mixtures of dyes having a certain color yield are used, the color yield of this mixture of dyes will generally be the sum total of the color yields of the individual dyes; by this, the color yield of a mixture of, for example, two dyes will be less than the color yield resulting from the dye having the larger color yield property being used as a single dye in the same amount of the mixture of the two individual dyes. The present invention, then, provides dye mixtures of the azo dyes comprising one or more, such as two or three, azo dyes conforming to the general formula (1) and one or more, such as two or three, azo dyes conforming to the general formula (2), whose color strength is surprisingly higher than the sum total of the color strengths provided by the individual dyes of the dye mixture. This synergistic effect also shows itself in improved build-up characteristics and better washfastness on the part of the mixture of the invention compared with individual dyes present in the mixture. ##STR2## In these formulae: M is hydrogen, ammonium, an alkali metal or the equivalent of an alkaline earth metal; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or sulfo; R.sup.2 has one of the meanings of R.sup.1 ; X.sup.1 is fluorine or chlorine or a group of the general formula --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 or --OR.sup.3, where R.sup.3 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or aryl (such as phenyl), which is optionally substituted, and R.sup.4 has one of the meanings of R.sup.3 or is a Y.sup.1 --SO.sub.2 -- or Y.sup.2 --SO.sub.2 -- bearing aryl (such as phenyl) or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group, or --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 is optionally substituted morpholino or pyrimidino or --NHCN; x.sup.2 has one of the meanings of X.sup.1 ; Y.sup.1 is vinyl or is a group of the general formula --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Z, where Z is a substituent which can be eliminated by the action of alkali, especially sulfato, thiosulfato or acetyloxy; Y.sup.2 has one of the meanings of Y.sup.1 ; the groups --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.1 and --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.2 are disposed meta or para to the azo group or amino group. In general, the azo dye of the general formula (1) and the azo dye of the general formula (2) are present in the mixture in a mixing ratio of 90:10% by weight to 10:90% by weight, preferably in a ratio of 70:30% by weight to 30:70% by weight. They are particularly preferably present in the mixture in a ratio of 55:45 to 45:55% by weight. Preferably, in the general formulae (1) and (2), R.sup.1 .dbd.R.sub.2 =hydrogen, M=H, Li or Na and preferably X.sup.1 .dbd.X.sup.2 are each chlorine or fluorine. Also, preferably, Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Z where Z=sulfato. In the foregoing general formulae and also in the subsequent general formulae, the individual elements of the formulae, whether they bear identical or different designations within any one general formula, can have meanings under their definition which are mutually identical or different. The terms "sulfo", "thiosulfato", "phosphato" and "sulfato" cover not only the acid form but also the salt form of the respective groups. Accordingly, sulfo groups are groups conforming to the general formula --SO.sub.3 M, thiosulfato groups are groups conforming to the general formula --S--SO.sub.3 M, phosphato groups are groups conforming to the general formula --OPO.sub.3 M.sub.2, and sulfato groups are groups conforming to the general formula --OSO.sub.3 M, where each M is as defined above. The dye mixtures of the invention can be present as a preparation in solid or in liquid (dissolved) form. In solid form, they generally include the electrolyte salts customary for water-soluble and especially for fiber-reactive dyes, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulfate, and may further comprise the auxiliaries customary in commercial dyes, such as buffer substances capable of setting a pH in aqueous solution between 3 and 7, such as sodium acetate, sodium borate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, sodium tricitrate and disodium hydrogenphosphate, small amounts of siccatives or, if they are present in liquid, aqueous solution (including the presence of thickeners of the type customary in print pastes), substances which ensure a long life for these preparations, for example mold preventatives. In general, the dye mixtures of the invention are present as dye powders comprising from 10 to 80% by weight, based on the dye powder or the preparation, of an electrolyte salt, which is also known as a standardizing agent. These dye powders may further comprise the abovementioned buffer substances in a total amount of up to 5% by weight, based on the dye powder. If the dye mixtures of the invention are present in aqueous solution, the total dye content of these aqueous solutions is up to about 50% by weight, for example between 5 and 50% by weight, and the electrolyte salt content of these aqueous solutions is preferably below 10% by weight, based on the aqueous solution; the aqueous solutions (liquid preparations) may include the aforementioned buffer substances in an amount which is generally up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 2% by weight. The dye mixtures of the present invention are preparable in a conventional manner, as by mechanically mixing the individual dyes known from the abovementioned publications and present in solid or in liquid form, in the requisite proportions or by synthesis by means of the customary diazotization and coupling reactions and conversion reactions with the halotriazine components using appropriate mixtures of such components in a manner familiar to the person skilled in the art and with the requisite mixing ratios. For instance, in one possible procedure, which is preferably carried out as a one-pot reaction, a 2,4,6-trihalo-s-triazine, especially 2,4,6-trichloro- or 2,4,6-trifluoro-s-triazine, is initially reacted in a conventional manner with 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid, for example at a temperature of 0 to 40.degree. C., preferably of 0 to 10.degree. C., and a pH of 0 to 5, preferably of 1 to 2, and then with one or more amino compounds of the general formula (3A) or (3B) ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are each as defined above, or a mixture of one or more amino compounds of the general formulae (3A) and (3B) in a conventional manner, for example at a temperature between 0 and 60.degree. C., preferably between 20 and 40.degree. C., and at a pH between 2 and 8, preferably between 3 and 5. The resulting diaminohalotriazine compounds can then be coupled with a diazonium salt prepared from an identical or different amine of the general formula (3A) or (3B) or two such amines in a well-known manner to form the mixture of the dyes (1) and (2) in a conventional manner, for example at a temperature between 10 and 50.degree. C., preferably between 20 and 40.degree. C., and at a pH between 3 and 7, preferably between 4 and 5. Dyes of the general formulae (1) and (2) where X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are not halogen are prepared by reacting the mixture with the compounds HOR.sup.3 or HNR .sup.3 R.sup.4 in a conventional manner, for example at a temperature between 10 and 100.degree. C., preferably between 40 and 80.degree. C., and at a pH between 3 and 7, preferably between 4 and 5. Starting compounds of the general formula (3B) are for example 4-(.beta.-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)aniline, 3-(.beta.-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)aniline, 2-sulfo-4-(.beta.-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)aniline and 2-sulfo-5-((.beta.-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)aniline, especially 4-(.beta.-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)aniline, and also derivatives of these compounds in which the .beta.-sulfatoethylsulfonyl is replaced by a vinylsulfonyl or .beta.-thiosulfatoethylsulfonyl or .beta.-chloroethylsulfonyl group. The separation from their synthesis solution of the chemically produced dye mixtures of the invention can be effected by commonly known methods, for example either by precipitating from the reaction medium by means of electrolytes, for example sodium chloride or potassium chloride, or by evaporating or spray-drying the reaction solution, in which case this reaction solution may have a buffer substance added to it. The dye mixtures of the invention have useful application properties. They are used for dyeing or printing hydroxyl- and/or carboxamido-containing materials, for example in the form of sheetlike structures, such as paper and leather or of films, for example composed of polyamide, or in bulk, as for example of polyamide and polyurethane, but especially for dyeing or printing these materials in fiber form. Similarly, the solutions obtained in the synthesis of the azo compounds after their mixing to form the dye mixtures of the invention, if desired after or with addition of a buffer substance, and also if desired after concentrating or diluting, can be used directly as liquid preparation for dyeing. The present invention thus also provides for the use of the dye mixtures of the invention for dyeing or printing these materials, or rather to processes for dyeing or printing these materials in a conventional manner, by using a dye mixture of the invention as colorant. The materials are preferably employed in the form of fiber materials, especially in the form of textile fibers, such as woven fabrics or yarns, as in the form of hanks or wound packages. Hydroxyl-containing materials are those of natural or synthetic origin, for example cellulose fiber materials or their regenerated products and polyvinyl alcohols. Cellulose fiber materials are preferably cotton, but also other vegetable fibers, such as linen, hemp, jute and ramie fibers; regenerated cellulose fibers are for example staple viscose and filament viscose. Carboxamido-containing materials are for example synthetic and natural polyamides and polyurethanes, especially in the form of fibers, for example wool and other animal hairs, silk, leather, nylon-6,6, nylon-6, nylon-11 and nylon4. The dye mixtures of the invention can be applied to and fixed on the substrates mentioned, especially the fiber materials mentioned, by the application techniques known for water-soluble dyes, especially fiber-reactive dyes. For instance, on cellulose fibers they produce from a long liquor by the exhaust method and by means of various acid-binding agents with or without neutral salts, such as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate, dyeings having very good color yields which are improved compared with the individual dyes. They are preferably dyed from an aqueous bath at temperatures between 40 and 105.degree. C., if desired at temperatures up to 130.degree. C. under superatmospheric pressure, and if desired in the presence of customary dyeing auxiliaries. One possible procedure is to introduce the material into the warm bath and to gradually heat the bath to the desired dyeing temperature and to complete the dyeing process at that temperature. The neutral salts which speed up the exhaustion of the dyes can if desired not be added to the bath until after the actual dyeing temperature has been reached. The padding process likewise produces excellent color yields and a very good color build-up on cellulose fibers, on which fixing can be effected by batching at room temperature or elevated temperature, for example at up to about 60.degree. C., by steaming or with dry heat in a conventional manner. Similarly, the customary printing processes for cellulose fibers, which can be carried out either single-phase, for example by printing with a print paste comprising sodium bicarbonate or some other acid-binding agent and by subsequent steaming at 100 to 103.degree. C., or two-phase, for example by printing with a neutral or weakly acidic print paste and subsequent fixation either by passing the printed material through a hot electrolyte-comprising alkaline bath or by overpadding with an alkaline electrolyte-comprising padding liquor with subsequent batching of this treated material or subsequent steaming or subsequent treatment with dry heat, produce strong prints with well-defined contours and a clear white ground. The appearance of the prints is not greatly affected by variations in the fixing conditions. When fixing by means of dry heat in accordance with the customary thermofix processes, hot air from 120 to 200.degree. C. is used. In addition to the customary steam at 101 to 103.degree. C. it is also possible to use superheated steam and high-pressure steam at temperatures of up to 160.degree. C. The acid-binding agents which effect the fixation of the dyes of the dye mixtures of the invention on the cellulose fibers include for example water-soluble basic salts of the alkali metals and likewise alkaline earth metals of inorganic or organic acids or compounds which liberate alkali in the heat. Especially suitable are the alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal salts of weak to medium inorganic or organic acids, the preferred alkali metal compounds being the sodium and potassium compounds. Such acid-binding agents include for example sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium formate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, disodium hydrogenphosphate, sodium trichloroacetate, waterglass or trisodium phosphate. The dye mixtures of the invention are notable for a high yield of fixation when applied to the cellulose fiber materials by dyeing or printing. The cellulose dyeings obtained following the customary aftertreatment by rinsing to remove unfixed dye portions exhibit excellent wetfastnesses, in particular since such unfixed dye portions are easily washed off on account of their good solubility in cold water. The dyeings and prints obtainable with the dye mixtures of the invention have bright hues; especially the dyeings and prints on cellulose fiber materials have good lightfastness and very good wetfastnesses, such as wash, milling, water, seawater, crossdyeing and acidic and also alkaline perspiration fastness properties, also good fastness to pleating, hotpressing and rubbing. Furthermore, the dye mixtures of the invention can also be used for the fiber-reactive dyeing of wool. Moreover, wool which has been given a nonfelting or low-felting finish (cf. H. Rath, Lehrbuch derTextilchemie, Springer-Verlag, 3rd Edition (1972), p. 295-299, especially the finish by the so-called Hercosett process (p. 298); J. Soc. Dyers and Colourists 1972, 93-99, and 1975, 33-44) can be dyed with very good fastness properties. The process of dyeing on wool is here carried out in a conventional manner from an acidic medium. For instance, acetic acid and/or ammonium sulfate or acetic acid and ammonium acetate or sodium acetate may be added to the dyebath to obtain the desired pH. To obtain a dyeing of acceptable levelness, it is advisable to add a customary leveling agent, for example on the basis of a reaction product of cyanuric chloride with 3 times the molar amount of an aminobenzenesulfonic acid and/or of an aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid or on the basis of a reaction product of for example stearylamine with ethylene oxide. For instance, the dye mixture of the invention is preferably subjected to the exhaustion process initially from an acidic dyebath having a pH of about 3.5 to 5.5 under pH control and the pH is then, toward the end of the dyeing time, shifted into the neutral and perhaps weakly alkaline range up to a pH of 8.5 to bring about, especially for very deep dyeings, the full reactive bond between the dyes of the dye mixtures of the invention and the fiber. At the same time, the dye portion not reactively bound is removed. The procedure described herein also applies to the production of dyeings on fiber materials composed of other natural polyamides or of synthetic polyamides and polyurethanes. In general, the material to be dyed is introduced into the bath at a temperature of about 40.degree. C., agitated therein for some time, the dyebath is then adjusted to the desired weakly acidic, preferably weakly acetic acid, pH and the actual dyeing is carried out at a temperature between 60 and 98.degree. C. However, the dyeings can also be carried out at the boil or in sealed dyeing apparatus at temperatures of up to 106.degree. C. Since the water solubility of the dye mixtures of the invention is very good, they can also be used with advantage in customary continuous dyeing processes. The color strength of the dye mixtures of the invention is very high. The dye mixtures of the invention produce bright, yellowish to bluish red dyeings on the materials mentioned, preferably fiber materials. The Examples hereinbelow serve to illustrate the invention. Parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise stated. Parts by weight relate to parts by volume as the kilogram relates to the liter. The compounds described in the Examples in terms of a formula are indicated in the form of the free acids; in general, they are prepared and isolated in the form of their salts, preferably sodium or potassium salts, and used for dyeing in the form of their salts. The starting compounds mentioned in the form of the free acid in the following Examples, especially Table Examples, can similarly be used in the synthesis as such or in the form of their salts, preferably alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts. |
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