| PATENT ASSIGNEE'S COUNTRY | USA |
| UPDATE | 06.00 |
| PATENT NUMBER | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT GRANT DATE | 20.06.00 |
| PATENT TITLE |
Method for preparing hydroperoxides by oxygenation |
| PATENT ABSTRACT |
Aryldialkylmethanes such as cumene are converted to the corresponding hydroperoxides by reaction with oxygen in the presence of a promoter which may be an alkali metal borate such as borax, an alkali metal salt of a polymer such as an acrylic polymer, or an alkaline reagent in combination with a specific proportion of added water or water of hydration, also exemplified by borax. High yields of the hydroperoxide are obtained, particularly when the promoter includes water. |
| PATENT INVENTORS | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT ASSIGNEE | This data is not available for free |
| PATENT FILE DATE | 01.06.98 |
| PATENT REFERENCES CITED | CA;127:65386 by Hsu "Polymer supperted catalyst for autoxidation of cumene to cumene hydroperoxide", J. Mol. Catal A: Chem 12091-3) pp. 109-116, 1997 . |
| PATENT CLAIMS |
What is claimed is: 1. A method for oxidizing an aryldialkylmethane to a hydroperoxide which comprises contacting said aryldialkylmethane with oxygen at a temperature in the range of about 70-125.degree. C. in the presence of an oxidation promoting amount of at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of (A) hydrates of alkali metal borates and (B) alkali metal salts of carboxylic acid-substituted polymers. 2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the aryldialkylmethane is cumene. 3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the promoter is a hydrate of an alkali metal borate. 4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the promoter is borax. 5. A method according to claim 2 wherein the promoter is an alkali metal salt of an acrylic polymer. 6. A method according to claim 5 wherein the acrylic polymer is an acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer. 7. A method according to claim 2, wherein cumene hydroperoxide is present as a copromoter. 8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the proportion of cumene hydroperoxide is in the range of about 0.5-10.0% by weight based on cumene. 9. A method according to claim 2, wherein the amount of promoter is about 1-10% by weight based on arydialkylmethane. 10. A method according to claim 2, wherein the oxygen is provided as air. 11. A method according to claim 2, wherein the reaction temperature is in the range of about 70-110.degree. C. 12. A method for oxidizing an aryldialkylmethane to a hydroperoxide which comprises contacting said aryldialkymethane with oxygen at a temperature in a range of about 70-125.degree. C. in the presence of an oxidation promoting amount of borax. 13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the aryldialkylmethane is cumene. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| PATENT DESCRIPTION |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the preparation of hydroperoxides, and more particularly to their preparation by an improved oxygenation method. Hydroperoxides of aryldialkylmethanes such as cumene are valuable intermediates for organic chemicals. Cumene hydroperoxide (hereinafter sometimes "CHP"), for example, may be converted by acid treatment to phenol and acetone, both of which have numerous utilities in the chemical industry. For example, these two compounds can undergo interreaction to form 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A), a monomeric precursor of polycarbonates and other polymers. It has long been known that hydroperoxides of aryldialkylmethanes can be prepared by treatment of the precursor compound with oxygen. The oxygenation reaction typically occurs in the presence of a promoter, most often an aqueous alkaline compound such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid or of cumene hydroperoxide. Many of the known methods for oxygenation of aryldialkylmethanes are deficient in such respects as yield, reaction rate and tendency to form by-products. It is of interest, therefore, to develop new promoters and methods for treating previously employed promoters so as to improve their behavior and efficiency. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on a number of discoveries, including the discovery of new promoting materials for the oxygenation reaction and the discovery of a level of water content in the promoting materials which substantially improve yields. The invention, therefore, is a method for oxidizing an aryldialkylmethane to a hydroperoxide which comprises contacting said aryldialkylmethane with oxygen at a temperature in the range of about 70-125.degree. C. in the presence of an oxidation promoting amount of one of the following: (I) at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of (A) hydrates of alkali metal borates and (B) alkali metal salts of carboxylic acid-substituted polymers; and (II) an alkaline reagent as promoter in combination with added water or water of hydration, the proportion of said water being about 80-120% by weight based on said alkaline reagent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION; PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The aryldialkylmethanes employed as reactants according to the present invention include those having the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an aromatic radical and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkyl radical. Suitable aromatic radicals include mononuclear and polynuclear radicals. They may be hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, including those in which the aromatic ring contains alkyl substituents. The phenyl radical is preferred. The R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 radicals are alkyl radicals, most often C.sub.1-4 primary alkyl radicals. Methyl radicals are preferred. Thus, the especially preferred aryldialkylmethane is cumene (isopropylbenzene). Frequent reference to cumene will be made hereinafter, but it should be understood that other compounds with the above formula may be substituted for cumene when appropriate. Substantially pure or industrial grade cumene may be employed. It is also possible to employ a cumene stream containing recycled material from previous oxygenation runs. In general, reactant streams containing at least about 90% and preferably at least about 95% cumene by weight are advantageously employed. Oxygen is another essential reactant in the method of the invention. It may be employed in the form of pure oxygen but more often is present as one constituent of a gaseous mixture such as air. According to embodiment I of the invention, two classes of materials may be used as promoters. For either class, it is often preferred if not inherent that the promoter be heterogeneous; that is, that it be solid in an otherwise liquid-gaseous reaction mixture. Class A consists of the hydrates of alkali metal borates. An exemplary and preferred compound is borax; i.e., sodium tetraborate decahydrate, Na.sub.2 B.sub.4 O.sub.7.10H.sub.2 O. Class B consists of alkali metal salts, particularly sodium and potassium and preferably sodium salts, of carboxylic acid-substituted polymers. These may be, for example, acrylic polymers; i.e., acrylic acid homopolymers and copolymers. They may also be, for example, polymers of carboxylated styrenes. Copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide are especially preferred. In embodiment II, any alkaline reagent known, either according to the present invention or in the prior art, to be effective as a promoter in the oxygenation reaction is employed in combination with a prescribed amount of water. Alkaline reagents useful as promoters in this embodiment include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and alkali metal borates of the type described hereinabove, such as borax. The amount of promoter employed in the method of the invention is typically in the range of about 1-10% by weight, based on cumene. The amount of water employed in embodiment II, which is critical in this embodiment, is about 80-120% by weight based on alkaline reagent in anhydrous form. This amount may be present as added water, combined with anhydrous alkaline reagent. Alternatively, it may be present as water of hydration, as in borax which contains ten molecules of water of hydration per molecule for a total water content of 90% based on sodium tetraborate. This proportion of water, when present, results in substantially higher conversion to CHP than when other amounts of water or no water are present. As used herein, "conversion to CHP" is the weight of cumene hydroperoxide found by analysis (e.g., by titration) to be present in the product divided by the weight of cumene as a reactant, expressed as a percentage. The reaction mixture preferably also contains a small proportion of cumene hydroperoxide as a copromoter. The amount thereof is typically in the range of about 0.5-10.0% by weight based on cumene. Conversion of cumene to cumene hydroperoxide is calculated excluding the amount of hydroperoxide added as copromoter. The method of the invention is performed by simply contacting the mixture of cumene, promoter, water (when employed) and optionally cumene hydroperoxide with the oxygen-containing gas at a temperature in the range of about 70-125.degree. C., preferably about 70-110.degree. C., in the presence of the promoting materials. Contact may be achieved by simply bubbling the gas through the liquid mixture. For example, a charging apparatus in which the gas enters the mixture through a glass frit may be employed. When the reaction has proceeded to the desired degree, the product cumene hydroperoxide may be isolated by known techniques. Alternatively, and often preferably, the organic phase of the reaction mixture may be washed to remove alkaline promoter and other impurities and employed directly for the synthesis of phenol and acetone. The invention is illustrated by the following examples. All parts and percentages are by weight. |
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| PATENT PHOTOCOPY | Available on request |
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